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SUSTAINABLE FINANCIAL RESOURCES
There are two categories of sustainable resources:
 equity, made up of your personal contributions and those of your associates, as well as bonuses or subsidies
potential investment,
 loans with medium or long term.
PERSONAL SAVINGS
A personal contribution is required for:
 inspire confidence in others, especially during a credit application
 self-finance some long-term needs aside by banks: costs, intangible investment
other than goodwill, 30% of physical investment, and often the need for working capital.
Thanks to the law to economic initiative, if you hold a PEA (equity savings plan) for less than five years, you can
use a portion of your savings without losing the tax advantages granted, provided that affect the amounts so withdrawn to finance
your business start within three months.
In addition, you can use your savings – your local housing finance for commercial or professional, since it also includes
your primary residence.
Financing
THREE SOLUTIONS ARE POSSIBLE IF YOUR ENTOURAGE ACCEPTS HIS HELP TO BRING:
The loan between individuals:
above all, avoid the “hand in hand. Write a loan agreement and have it register with the tax office. The contract should specify
names and addresses of the parties, the amount, the repayment rate and if the rate charged.
Donation:
Donations are exempt from duty up to 30 000 euros for children and grandchildren that create their company.
Donations are exempt from family registration fee amounting to 30,000 euros if they are for the creation or resumption
a business.
The capital of the company
For essential partner of the firm, the banker must be seduced and satisfied throughout.
Everything is in the art, the way … and the method.
 have a good record: complete, accurate, concise, clear, neat and seller,
 be credible playing all notions of business plan, including the concepts: BFR, income, financing plan,
cashflow, etc..
 Prepare the negotiation and workout more than once to properly present your project orally.
In the case of fear about getting a credit guarantees because of too low, do not hesitate to take the initiative to seek
an assumption of risk with a guarantee arrangement.
Anyway, act so skillfully appear as a “creator coming out of the ordinary” …
Follow the current economic and banking
The advertising campaigns of banks, on their identity or their forms of credit can help you
to have an initial idea of directions they take and the opportunities that may open to you and
your project. You can complement this approach with a closer reading of the press sector
bank.
Prepare your project with professionalism
Have an excellent track record is, of course, a key factor of success in negotiating with the bank.
This is not a monument to editorial, most files should contain only thirty pages, outside
appendices (extracts of studies or documents, copies of letters, quotations, etc..).
Choose the bank branches to solicit
There are still banks in specific or special skills.
For example, some schools have a real culture of the handicraft sector, others know very well as industries
food or publishing. Others especially the franchise finance, etc..
A project funded under somewhat well prepared, but may have more luck with a bank knows particularly well
sector.
The creation loan company (PCE)
The PCE for start-ups. It is between 2000 and 7000 euros, must be accompanied by a bank loan to
medium or long-term amount of at least twice the amount of PCE, and whose characteristics (rate, duration, guarantees …) are free and depend
bank. The PCE finance in the first non-material needs of the business (working capital, start-up costs) but may also fund
the resumption of a business.
The loan period is 5 years with a grace period of six months. The loan is unsecured, or personal guarantee (he enjoys
OSEO-intervention WARRANTY, which guarantees up to 70% on loan from the commercial bank, the state support.
Renovation equity loan
The law extends for SMEs to individual companies the opportunity for a creditor to receive compensation of one part
fixed and a variable part based on profits. In addition, some associations of micro-credit can now provide these loans.
The unsecured loans
It is a medium-term credit, which lasts between 2 and 5 years, awarded to the person of the creator and sometimes the buyer, without
demand personal guarantees or real (that is why we speak of “honor”). The unsecured loan is intended to reinforce, or even replace the contribution
the creator and play whenever possible leverage for obtaining additional bank financing. According to the agency
distributing this kind of financial support, the eligibility criteria for the project sponsor may vary. Each device financial loans
honor is intended to favor one or more types of enterprise creation projects, such as:
 micro-projects for the economic reintegration of persons in difficulty,
 projects in rural areas
 projects with a social or ecological
 small projects to potential
 projects technological content, and so on.
Most of the time, there is also a geographical criterion related to the scope of intervention of the distributing body (which is often a combination
created to promote local economic development). Depending on the opportunities, the economic guidelines of the distributing body and nature
project, loan amounts can vary widely (from 500 to 45,000 €). However, some grant unsecured loans up
30,490 euros or more, when they devote themselves to projects with strong development prospects ..
The main organizations you can contact are:
France Initiative Network (FIR)
Network undertake
Association for the Right to Economic Initiative
France Active -
Tax relief for capital subscription of SMEs
Friends and family can benefit from tax reductions on income by participating in important capital of your company. The reduction is equal
25% of payments made.
The law for the economic initiative has increased the limits on payments to:
 20,000 euros for a single,
 40,000 euros for a married couple.
The maximum annual amount of the tax cut passes, respectively, then 5000 euros or 10,000 euros per year. This applies
to payments made on or after 1 January 2003.
In May 2006, the Minister responsible for SMEs has submitted a plan to support SMEs with high growth (Gazelle), and to meet
financing needs of SMEs, the device for the reduction of income tax paid to investors, whose application came
to a close has been profoundly modified and extended until 2010. The Finance Act for 2007 reinforces the tax incentive and allows the deferral of
the overpayment on maximum 4 years instead of 3 and the subscription in a holding company through which she herself subscribed
capital of an unlisted SMEs.
Creation of local investment fund (PIF)
Provided by law for economic initiative, these funds are intended to mobilize on a given territory, the savings of individuals sensitized to
the health of local businesses and encouraged to subscribe to this fund through favorable tax provisions:
 share subscriptions made until 31 December 2010 will be eligible for a reduction of income tax up to 25%
sums within the limit of 12,000 euros for taxpayers only, and 24,000 euros for married taxpayers subject to tax
common
 holders of shares of FIP will, as any holder of shares of Venture Capital Funds, the tax exemption on revenue generated by these
funds (dividends, capital gains) provided you keep the shares for at least 5 years
 FIPs enable SMEs to quality, local or regional, to obtain the capital needed for their creation or development.
 Corsica: a reduction of income tax amounting to 50% of sales in cash, shares of PIF Corsican, capped at € 12,000
for a single person or € 24,000 for couples. That includes sales from 1/1/2007 to 31/12/2010
TYPES OF FUNDING SOURCES OF FUNDING
Personal saving THE CREATOR
To strengthen its contribution, it may
 unlock their savings home to finance a commercial
or professional as it includes also his home
Main
 sell some tracks from his stock savings plan (PEA) and
use money obtained to finance its business.
ASSOCIATES:
equity or temporary loans to the company through
the partners’ current accounts
Relatives
through loan, donation or subscription to capital. In
investing in the capital of the company, the family can enjoy
a large tax reduction (up to € 10,000 per year);
The spouse of the creator, a descendant or parent, holds a
PEA may allocate part of its plan to help create
company.
Personal bank loan Some commercial banks
Unsecured loan and credit-secured  France Initiative Network (FIR), Network Undertake, ADIE, France
Active
 local
 other unsecured loans, foundations, some
employers …
Loans to medium / long-term business credit institutions ,
 companies conversion
 Ready for Enterprise Creation (PCE)
Leasing Bank and specialized agencies
Participation in the capital of venture capital organizations, companies restructuring, investors
Individual
Aid or grants to the person or company  state devices (EDEN ACCRE) and local
 foundations

WELL KNOWN AND UNDERSTANDING
YOUR MARKET
The term “market research” may
intimidate you and you can not you
you feel sufficiently competent to
run only in this exercise. In fact, a
market research project is primarily a matter
sense. It must provide the

accurate answers to questions
:
What will you sell and why?
You need to sharpen up
the characteristics of your products or
Services: specialization, quality,
advantages, range, presentation, workmanship,
conditions of employment, additional services,
etc..
Why sell a given product or
service and not another?
Who sell?
It is important to define your customer
as precisely as possible
What is its distribution: business
associations, institutions, communities,
individuals, couples, families … Is this a
Customer homogeneous or heterogeneous?
 What are its characteristics?
Size, activity, turnover for
businesses; age, social status
for individuals, etc..
 What is the level of consumption
rate or equipment?
 Is it concentrated, dispersed, from
running, close … ?
What need is your product
or service?
What are the expectations of your future
customers?
What saves time, space or
money?
What benefits your business
Will it give them?
What quality?
What choice?
What price?
How to sell?
It is important to consider your
distribution methods to suit the
Customer behavior: catalog shopping,
after test on references after
demonstration home, after quote by
bidding, etc..
The activity of the target audience is it
subject to a calendar, a schedule or
specific hours? Demand Is
point, periodic or regular?
Purchases are they programmed or
random?
What are your competitors?
It is imperative to analyze the strengths of your competitors, they offer a similar product or that their product meets the same need.
What is their reputation? Their sales floor? The extent of their range?
Where to locate your business?
The choice of locating your business is in close relationship with your commercial project. Should you be close to your suppliers
or your customers?
For example, implementation is crucial for a retail business please feel free to spend several days in the area where you want
you install it, question the traders, watch the flow of pedestrians, study the competitors …
How to estimate your sales forecast?
With all the information gathered, you are now able to estimate the number of potential customers in your area
intervention and to measure their consumption, to build – and justify – your sales forecast.
This information can be intersected by the information you have about your competitors or the statistics professional.
DEFINE YOUR BUSINESS STRATEGY
With the knowledge that you have purchased, you can now define your business strategy and build the supply of your
business. For this you need to analyze two important elements:
The composition of the clientele
The range of products or services must be tailored to the profiles of your customers.
If it presents a range sufficiently large to segment your offer services or products, then we will establish
Couples’ products / customers “in order to determine the person or persons who constitute the products of grip, the customer funds and those who emerge
probably the most margin.
Similarly, your business presence depends on the degree of customer concentration (held in a neighborhood, city or
throughout France). You need to choose the means to put in place to reach all potential customers: sales offices, presence
in trade shows, advertising, website …
The characteristics of competition
The business strategy must also take into account the solutions already offered by competitors, it is little developed, very
diversified or represented by a single leader. For each case, specific actions will be provided, such as developing a
or more competitive advantages, target a niche market that will distinguish the company or consider an original paper
CHOOSE YOUR BUSINESS ACTIONS
Now that you know your market and have built your business offer, it is time to imagine the relationship you have with
customers.
What marketing activities do you carry?
This reflection will allow you to predict the cost of such shares to take into account your financial projections. These actions fall into three
categories:
Attracting consumers to the product
It’s advertising campaign: the insertion of an advertisement in the yellow pages directory in the distribution of flyers through the dissemination
announcements on local radio media are multiple and depend mostly on your budget.
Push the product to the consumer
This promotional activity: it provides an incentive to purchase from time to time by giving a unique advantage: open houses
small events, tastings, demonstrations, participation in fairs, loyalty cards …
Establish direct contact with the consumer
These are the actions of exploration or recovery: door to door and telephone canvassing, mail, fax with reply coupon or
mail.
Why do market research?
Although not an exact science, market research can reduce uncertainty.
Even if you feel to master the economic environment of your project, the market research is a mandatory
which should not be neglected or sloppy.
It will allow you to realize how the market is constantly changing mainly because of competition and evolution
regulations.
Market research allows you to:
 validate your assumptions in terms of products or services,
 assess the potential market and thereby estimate a turnover
 identify your advantages over the competition,
 prepare your marketing and build your business offer.
How do market research?
In most cases, you can do it yourself:
 conducting a literature search from existing information sources,
 collecting reports in the press from the competition,
 visiting fairs, exhibitions and other events,
 interogeant professionals, specifiers, contractors and suppliers,
 conducting an interview survey or mini-test with potential customers,
 observing the competitors in the field.
You can also entrust the study to third. In this case, participate actively be engaged with the field information:
is crucial for the proper functioning and development of your future business!
Where to find information?
Information sources are numerous:
 INSEE (National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies) (Online Access to Structural Business Statistics)
 INPI (National Institute of Intellectual Property)
 SESSI (research service strategies and industrial statistics)
 CREDOC (Centr for Research and Documentation on the conditions
 of life),
 INC (National Institute of consumption),
 organizations and trade associations,
 economic departments of local authorities and town halls
 Chambers of Commerce and Industry and Chambers of Crafts (MAC),
 professional journals and economic servers or websites specialized
 libraries, documentation centers
 field and his own sense of observation.
See also the last page addresses useful sites
From whom help to achieve
market research?
Agencies specializing in hospitality project leaders will guide you through the steps to achieve, the method to use …
Feel free to contact the consular agencies and support networks to create business (details on website
under “Creator” / “Who can help you” or , under “Business Life” / “Creation, transmission,
resumption of business “/ list of support networks).
In addition to the junior companies, student associations that operate as consulting firms, may also take
support the implementation of the study for fee